Julius Kambarage Nyerere; (13 April 1922 – 14 October 1999) was a Tanzanian anti-colonial
activist, politician and political theorist. He governed Tanganyika as prime minister from 1961
to 1962 and then as president from 1962 to 1964, after which he led its
successor state, Tanzania, as
president from 1964 to 1985. He was a founding member and chair of the Tanganyika
African National Union (TANU) party, and of
its successor, Chama Cha Mapinduzi,
from 1954 to 1990. Ideologically an African nationalist and African socialist, he promoted a political philosophy known as Ujamaa.
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